Team-BHP - What is 'Tall Gearing" ?

Tried to find explanation about Tall/Short Gearing on TEAM-BHP. Can some one explain what is meant by Tall Gearing. What are its advantage vs Short Gearing(?). Thanks

Short or tall gearing refers to gear rations.
At certain rpm lets say 2000rpm the car will go at different speeds in different gears. Not only that two cars will go at different speeds at 2000rpm in their top gears.
So if you have taller 5th gear in car A than car B you will go faster at 2000rpm, which means more relaxed cruising for the engine.
Short gearing means that engine has to rev at a higher speed to get the same actual speed.
So in a shorter geared car you will get better acceleration but lower mileage because your engine is running at a high speed.

For example esteem as a very tall 2nd gear. At redline the second gear can cross 100kmph. At the same rpm in other cars the seond peaks out at around 80-90kmph at the same rpm.

in addition, tall gearing may also be referred to the gear ratios: the step up from 1-2-3-4-5 should be smooth, as there should not be any un-necessary revving up in the prev gear to match the 'comfortable' speed of the next gear.

fuel efficiency is the main reason to provide tall gearing.